Guru Arjan Dev Ji was the third son of Guru Ram Das. He was regarded as a saint and a scholar at the highest level. 

 

He compiled the Adi Granth- the scriptures of the Sikhs and Sukhmani sahib the prayer that gives peace of mind.

 

To make it more universal and show the idea of brotherhood he included hymns written by Muslim saints and those of low caste who were never allowed to enter religious buildings. 

 

Guru Arjan Dev Ji completed the construction of the Golden Temple that his father Guru Ram Das Ji had started off. 

 

Guru Arjan Dev Ji was the first great martyr of the Sikh faith, when he was ordered to convert to Islam by the Mughals he was given four days on the first day they cut of his food and drink and was not allowed to sleep at night yet he sat there calmly absorbed in repeating God's name.

 

One the third day he was ordered to sit on a red-hot cauldron underneath the cauldron they put water to boil which scalded the Guru's body yet he didn't make any sound or say anything in anger, instead he carried on meditating on the name of God. On the third day the Mughals poured hot sand on Guru Arjan Dev Ji and on the final day he was told to bathe in a cold river where he passed away.